Check a page

served HTML

• Images have a text alternative
• Alt text is not a file name or placeholder

rendered page

• ARIA meters without a name
• ARIA progress bars without a name
• Images without a text alternative
• Image buttons without a text alternative
• Embedded objects without a text alternative
• Elements with role="img" without a text alternative
• SVG images without a text alternative

Not automated. A person compares the audio or video with its alternative.

rendered page

• Video without captions

Not automated. A person watches the video and its description.

Not automated. A person watches the live captions.

Not automated. A person watches the video and its audio description.

served HTML

• Form fields have an accessible name

rendered page

• aria-hidden="true" on the page body
• ARIA roles missing the children they need
• ARIA roles outside the parent they need
• Definition lists with invalid children
• Definition terms or details outside a <dl>
• Lists with invalid children
• List items outside a list
• Table cells whose headers attribute points elsewhere
• Table headers with no data cells

asked of a model (labelled, never counted as an issue)

• Text that may look like a heading but is not marked up as one

Not automated. A person compares the reading order with the layout; layouts can reorder content and keep its meaning.

Not automated. A person reads instructions that may rely on shape, size or position.

Not automated. A person turns the screen; this is not checked yet.

served HTML

• Autocomplete values on form fields are valid

rendered page

• Fields with an invalid autocomplete value

rendered page

• Links told apart from text by colour alone

rendered page

• Audio or video that plays sound on its own

rendered page

• Text with low contrast against its background

served HTML

• Zoom is not blocked

rendered page

• Zoom disabled on the page

Not automated. A person looks at each image for text that could be real text.

rendered page

• Sideways scrolling at 320 CSS pixels

Not automated. A person checks borders and icons; shadows and gradients make automated results unreliable.

rendered page

• Text spacing locked by inline styles

Not automated. A person hovers and focuses to see what appears.

rendered page

• Frames with focusable content taken out of the tab order
• Scrolling areas the keyboard cannot reach
• Server-side image maps
• Controls the Tab key never reaches

rendered page

• Keyboard focus that cannot leave

Not automated. A person tries the single-key shortcuts.

served HTML

• The page does not refresh or redirect on a timer

rendered page

• Timed page refresh

rendered page

• Blinking text (<blink>)
• Scrolling text (<marquee>)

Not automated. A person watches the page for flashing.

rendered page

• No way to skip repeated blocks

served HTML

• The page has a title
• The page title is not a placeholder

rendered page

• Page without a title

Not automated. A person compares the focus order with the reading order.

served HTML

• Links have a name

rendered page

• Image map areas without a text alternative
• Links without a name

asked of a model (labelled, never counted as an issue)

• Links whose purpose may be unclear

Not automated. A person checks that each page can be found in two ways. The report lists the search and site map the scan saw, but navigation and links between pages can be enough, so no automated result is given.

Not automated. A model question exists, but it stays hidden until it is accurate on real pages. A person reads the headings and labels.

rendered page

• Focus that cannot be seen

rendered page

• Focused controls hidden behind a fixed layer

Not automated. A person tries the gestures.

Not automated. A person tries pressing and releasing.

Not automated. The automated rule was wrong too often on real pages, so it is left out. A person compares visible labels with names.

Not automated. A person tries the motion controls.

Not automated. A person tries the dragging.

rendered page

• Targets smaller than 24 by 24 CSS pixels

served HTML

• The page states its language

rendered page

• Page without a language
• Page language that is not a valid language tag
• lang and xml:lang naming different languages

asked of a model (labelled, never counted as an issue)

• Declared page language may not match the text

rendered page

• lang attributes with an invalid value

asked of a model (labelled, never counted as an issue)

• Passages that may be in another language than marked

rendered page

• Focus that moves the page elsewhere

Not automated. Changing controls on someone else's site could set off real actions, so a person checks it.

Not automated. A person compares the navigation on several pages of the site.

Not automated. A person compares how the same things are named on several pages of the site.

Not automated. A person compares where help sits on several pages of the site.

asked of a model (labelled, never counted as an issue)

• Form fields in error that the site's text may not identify

rendered page

• Fields with more than one label

asked of a model (labelled, never counted as an issue)

• Form fields in error where the site's text may not say how to correct them

Not automated. Needs a real transaction, which the checker never makes.

Not automated. Needs a process of several steps.

Not automated. Needs a login, which the checker never uses.

Not automated. Always met by content in HTML (STD-WCAG21-2); WCAG 2.2 removes it.

served HTML

• Form fields have an accessible name
• Links have a name
• Buttons have a name
• Frames have a title

rendered page

• Image map areas without a text alternative
• ARIA attributes the element's role does not support
• Braille ARIA attributes without a plain equivalent
• ARIA buttons, links or menu items without a name
• ARIA attributes used against their role's rules
• Deprecated ARIA roles
• aria-hidden="true" on the page body
• Hidden elements that can still take focus
• ARIA input fields without a name
• ARIA attributes the element's role prohibits
• ARIA roles missing an attribute they need
• Invalid ARIA role values
• ARIA tabs without a name
• ARIA toggles without a name
• ARIA tooltips without a name
• Misspelled or unknown ARIA attributes
• ARIA attributes with invalid values
• Buttons without a name
• Duplicate IDs referenced by ARIA or labels
• Frames without a name
• Frames that share the same title
• Input buttons without a name
• Image buttons without a text alternative
• Form fields without a label
• Links without a name
• Interactive controls nested inside each other
• Drop-down lists without a name
• Disclosure summaries without a name

Not automated. A person sets off the status messages and listens for them.